Preferred Label : TGF-beta Signaling Pathway KEGG;
NCIt related terms : TGF-beta signaling pathway;
Alternative definition : KEGG: The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) family members, which include
TGF-betas, activins and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), are structurally related
secreted cytokines found in species ranging from worms and insects to mammals. A wide
spectrum of cellular functions such as proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and
migration are regulated by TGF-beta family members. TGF-beta family member binds to
the Type II receptor and recruits Type I, whereby Type II receptor phosphorylates
and activates Type I. The Type I receptor, in turn, phosphorylates receptor-activated
Smads (R-Smads: Smad1, Smad2, Smad3, Smad5, and Smad8). Once phosphorylated, R-Smads
associate with the co-mediator Smad, Smad4, and the heteromeric complex then translocates
into the nucleus. In the nucleus, Smad complexes activate specific genes through cooperative
interactions with other DNA-binding and coactivator (or co-repressor) proteins.;
KEGG ID : hsa04350;
Origin ID : C91522;
UMLS CUI : C2984328;
Semantic type(s)
has_gene_product_element
pathway_has_gene_element