G1/S Checkpoint Pathway

Preferred Label : G1/S Checkpoint Pathway;

NCIt synonyms : G1 S Checkpoint Pathway;

NCIt related terms : Cell Cycle: G1/S Check Point;

Alternative definition : BIOCARTA: The G1/S cell cycle checkpoint controls the passage of eukaryotic cells from the first 'gap' phase (G1) into the DNA synthesis phase (S). Two cell cycle kinases, CDK4/6-cyclin D and CDK2-cyclin E, and the transcription complex that includes Rb and E2F are pivotal in controlling this checkpoint. During G1 phase, the Rb-HDAC repressor complex binds to the E2F-DP1 transcription factors, inhibiting downstream transcription. Phosphorylation of Rb by CDK4/6 and CDK2 dissociates the Rb-repressor complex, permitting transcription of S-phase genes encoding for proteins that amplify the G1 to S phase switch and that are required for DNA replication. Many different stimuli exert checkpoint control including TGFb, DNA damage, contact inhibition, replicative senescence, and growth factor withdrawal. The first four act by inducing members of the INK4 or Kip/Cip families of cell cycle kinase inhibitors. TGFb additionally inhibits the transcription of Cdc25A, a phosphatase that activates the cell cycle kinases. Growth factor withdrawal activates GSK3b, which phosphorylates cyclin D, leading to its rapid ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitination, nuclear export, and degradation are mechanisms commonly used to rapidly reduce the concentration of cell-cycle control proteins. (This definition may be outdated - see the DesignNote.);

NCIt note : The BIOCARTA Definition (ALT_DEFINITION) for this pathway concept was provided by BioCarta. This property was not created by, nor is it maintained by the NCI Thesaurus staff. Additionally, BioCarta is no longer updating its pathway data; thus, the BIOCARTA Definition might be outdated or inaccurate. Please see the Terms and Conditions for Use at http://www.biocarta.com/.;

Biocarta ID : h_g1Pathway;

Details

Origin ID

C39086;

UMLS CUI

C1517343;

Semantic type(s)
- Cell Function [UMLS semantic type]
has_gene_product_element
- Cellular Tumor Antigen p53 [NCIt concept]
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 1 [NCIt concept]
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 [NCIt concept]
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 [NCIt concept]
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 Inhibitor B [NCIt concept]
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6 [NCIt concept]
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1 [NCIt concept]
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1B [NCIt concept]
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A [NCIt concept]
- Dihydrofolate Reductase [NCIt concept]
- G1/S-Specific Cyclin-D1 [NCIt concept]
- G1/S-Specific Cyclin-E1 [NCIt concept]
- Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Beta [NCIt concept]
- Histone Deacetylase 1 [NCIt concept]
- M-Phase Inducer Phosphatase 1 [NCIt concept]
- Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 3 [NCIt concept]
- Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 4 [NCIt concept]
- Retinoblastoma-Associated Protein [NCIt concept]
- S-Phase Kinase-Associated Protein 2 [NCIt concept]
- Serine-Protein Kinase ATM [NCIt concept]
- Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase ATR [NCIt concept]
- Transcription Factor Dp-1 [NCIt concept]
- Transcription Factor E2F1 [NCIt concept]
- Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 [NCIt concept]
- Tyrosine-Protein Kinase ABL1 [NCIt concept]
pathway_has_gene_element
- ABL1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- ATM wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- ATR wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CCND1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CCNE1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CDC25A wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CDK1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CDK2 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CDK4 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CDK6 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CDKN1A wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CDKN1B wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CDKN2A wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CDKN2B wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- DHFR wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- E2F1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- GSK3B wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- HDAC1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- RB1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- SKP2 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- SMAD3 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- SMAD4 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- TFDP1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- TGFB1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- TP53 wt Allele [NCIt concept]

Keyword's position in hierarchy(ies) :

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