T-Cell Activation Co-Stimulatory Signaling Pathway

Preferred Label : T-Cell Activation Co-Stimulatory Signaling Pathway;

NCIt related terms : The Co-Stimulatory Signal During T-cell Activation;

Alternative definition : BIOCARTA: For a T cell to be activated by a specific antigen, the T cell receptor must recognize complexes of MHC-1 with the antigen on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell. T cells and the T cell receptor complex do not respond to antigen in solution, but even for the specific antigen they only respond to antigen-MHC-1 complexes on the cell surface. This interaction is necessary for T cell activation, but it is not sufficient. T cell activation also requires a co-stimulatory signal involving interaction of CD28 on the T cell with CD80 or CD86 (B7 family genes) on the antigen-presenting cell. CD28 activates a signal transduction pathway acting through PI-3K, Lck and Grb-2/ITK to provide its co-stimulatory signal for T cell activation. Another means to control T cell activation is by expressing factors that down-regulate T cell activation. Signaling by activated T cell receptors induces expression of CTLA-4, a receptor that opposes T cell activation. CTLA-4 has a higher affinity than CD28 for B7 proteins, terminating T cell activation. ICOS is a protein related to CD28 that is only expressed on activated T cells, and that provides another important co-stimulatory signal. The requirement for co-stimulatory signals provides additional control mechanisms that prevent inappropriate and hazardous T cell activation. (This definition may be outdated - see the DesignNote.);

NCIt note : The BIOCARTA Definition (ALT_DEFINITION) for this pathway concept was provided by BioCarta. This property was not created by, nor is it maintained by the NCI Thesaurus staff. Additionally, BioCarta is no longer updating its pathway data; thus, the BIOCARTA Definition might be outdated or inaccurate. Please see the Terms and Conditions for Use at http://www.biocarta.com/.;

Biocarta ID : h_ctla4Pathway;

Details

Origin ID

C39041;

UMLS CUI

C1515121;

Semantic type(s)
- Molecular Function [UMLS semantic type]
has_gene_product_element
- Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Protein 4 [NCIt concept]
- Growth Factor Receptor-Bound Protein 2 [NCIt concept]
- HLA Class II Histocompatibility Antigen, DQ Beta 1 Chain [NCIt concept]
- HLA Class II Histocompatibility Antigen, DR Alpha Chain [NCIt concept]
- ICOS Ligand [NCIt concept]
- Inducible T-Cell Costimulator [NCIt concept]
- Interleukin-2 [NCIt concept]
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Regulatory Subunit Alpha [NCIt concept]
- T-Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD3 Delta Chain [NCIt concept]
- T-Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD3 Epsilon Chain [NCIt concept]
- T-Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD3 Gamma Chain [NCIt concept]
- T-Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD3 Zeta Chain [NCIt concept]
- T-Cell-Specific Surface Glycoprotein CD28 [NCIt concept]
- T-Lymphocyte Activation Antigen CD80 [NCIt concept]
- T-Lymphocyte Activation Antigen CD86 [NCIt concept]
- Tyrosine-Protein Kinase ITK/TSK [NCIt concept]
- Tyrosine-Protein Kinase Lck [NCIt concept]
- Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 11 [NCIt concept]
pathway_has_gene_element
- CD247 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CD28 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CD3D wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CD3E wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CD3G wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CD80 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CD86 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CTLA4 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- GRB2 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- HLA-DQB1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- HLA-DRA wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- ICOS wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- ICOSLG wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- IL2 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- ITK wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- LCK wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- PIK3R1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- PTPN11 wt Allele [NCIt concept]

Keyword's position in hierarchy(ies) :

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