Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy Pathway

Preferred Label : Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy Pathway;

NCIt related terms : Skeletal muscle hypertrophy is regulated via AKT/mTOR pathway;

Alternative definition : BIOCARTA: Skeletal muscle atrophies with disuse while with increased use and increased load skeletal muscle exhibits hypertrophy, with an increase in the size of existing muscle fibers. One signaling pathway involved in regulating skeletal muscle atrophy and hypertrophy is the AKT/mTOR pathway. The mTOR pathway activity increases in response to muscle activity during hypertrophy and decreases in activity during atrophy. Blocking this pathway genetically or with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin blocks hypertrophy and genetic activation of the pathway induces hypertrophy. One agent that promotes muscle hypertrophy is the growth factor IGF-1. IGF-1 activates AKT, GSK-3 beta, and mTOR to promote hypertrophy. In contrast, the calcineurin pathway is not involved in hypertrophy and is down-regulated by agents such as IGF-1 that promote hypertrophy. Calcineurin may modulate other aspects of muscle function such as the development of slow muscle fibers through transcriptional regulation. These pathways lead to regulation of protein translation, with increased translation apparently acting as a key regulatory point in skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Agents such as IGF-1 that stimulate skeletal muscle hypertrophy may provide treatments for muscle atrophy and wasting. (This definition may be outdated - see the DesignNote.);

NCIt note : The BIOCARTA Definition (ALT_DEFINITION) for this pathway concept was provided by BioCarta. This property was not created by, nor is it maintained by the NCI Thesaurus staff. Additionally, BioCarta is no longer updating its pathway data; thus, the BIOCARTA Definition might be outdated or inaccurate. Please see the Terms and Conditions for Use at http://www.biocarta.com/.;

Biocarta ID : h_igf1mtorpathway;

Details

Origin ID

C39113;

UMLS CUI

C1519338;

Semantic type(s)
- Organ or Tissue Function [UMLS semantic type]
has_gene_product_element
- 3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinase 1 [NCIt concept]
- Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4E [NCIt concept]
- Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4E-Binding Protein 1 [NCIt concept]
- Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Beta [NCIt concept]
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor [NCIt concept]
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I [NCIt concept]
- Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-Trisphosphate 3-Phosphatase and Dual-Specificity Protein Phosphatase PTEN [NCIt concept]
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Regulatory Subunit Alpha [NCIt concept]
- RAC-Alpha Serine/Threonine Kinase [NCIt concept]
- Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase mTOR [NCIt concept]
- Serine/Threonine-Protein Phosphatase 2A Regulatory Subunit B'' Subunit Beta [NCIt concept]
- Translation Initiation Factor EIF-2B Subunit Delta [NCIt concept]
- Translation Initiation Factor EIF-2B Subunit Epsilon [NCIt concept]
pathway_has_gene_element
- AKT1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- EIF2B4 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- EIF2B5 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- EIF4E wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- EIF4EBP1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- GSK3B wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- IGF1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- IGF1R wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- MTOR wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- PDPK1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- PIK3R1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- PPP2R3B wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- PTEN wt Allele [NCIt concept]

Keyword's position in hierarchy(ies) :

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