Ion Channels in Vascular Endothelium Pathway

Preferred Label : Ion Channels in Vascular Endothelium Pathway;

NCIt related terms : Ion Channels and Their Functional Role in Vascular Endothelium;

Alternative definition : BIOCARTA: Endothelial cells (EC) form a multifunctional signal-transducing surface that performs different tasks dependent on its localization in the vessel tree. Arterial EC provide a pathway for delivery of oxygen from blood to tissue. They modulate the tone of vascular smooth muscle cells, which in turn controls blood pressure and blood flow by adjusting the caliber of arteries and arterioles. In the microvascular bed, EC regulate the permeation of various metabolites, macromolecules, and gases, as well as autocrine and paracrine factors and are involved in the regulation of cell nutrition. In all vessel types, EC are involved in blood coagulation, control of the transport between blood and tissue, movement of cells adhering to EC, wound healing, and angiogenesis. Other functions require an active response of EC to various signals of mechanical, chemical, or neuronal nature. This signal transduction is impaired during vessel disease (arteriosclerosis) and injury, inflammation, or hemodynamic disturbances (hypertension). The role of ion channels in the transduction of these signals into cellular responses is still a matter of debate and has received substantial attention only in the last few years. Our current knowledge is limited to effects of ion channels on fast endothelial responses, these channels being mainly essential for the regulation of Ca2 signaling. Here we illustrate the negative feedback of cyclic nucleotides (CNG)-induced membrane depolarization on Ca2 entry. Ca2 entry via receptor-activated cation channels (RACC) and/or store-operated or capacitative (SOC) elevates [Ca2 ]i and stimulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). The subsequent activation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) increases cGMP. cGMP and cAMP, via agonist activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), Gs, and adenylate cyclase (AC), activate CNG and/or nonselective cation channels (HCN) channels, which induce membrane depolarization. This depolarization exerts a negative feedback on Ca2 entry via RACC/SOC. In addition, a feedback inhibition of Ca2 entry channels via activation of PKG has been described. (This definition may be outdated - see the DesignNote.);

NCIt note : The BIOCARTA Definition (ALT_DEFINITION) for this pathway concept was provided by BioCarta. This property was not created by, nor is it maintained by the NCI Thesaurus staff. Additionally, BioCarta is no longer updating its pathway data; thus, the BIOCARTA Definition might be outdated or inaccurate. Please see the Terms and Conditions for Use at http://www.biocarta.com/.;

Biocarta ID : h_raccPathway;

Details

Origin ID

C39209;

UMLS CUI

C1517593;

Semantic type(s)
- Cell Function [UMLS semantic type]
has_gene_product_element
- B2 Bradykinin Receptor [NCIt concept]
- Caveolin-1 [NCIt concept]
- Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein G(s) Subunit Alpha Isoforms Short [NCIt concept]
- Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein G(s) Subunit Alpha Isoforms XLas [NCIt concept]
- Guanylate Cyclase Soluble Subunit Alpha-1 [NCIt concept]
- Guanylate Cyclase Soluble Subunit Alpha-2 [NCIt concept]
- Guanylate Cyclase Soluble Subunit Beta-1 [NCIt concept]
- Guanylate Cyclase Soluble Subunit Beta-2 [NCIt concept]
- Heat Shock Protein HSP 90-Alpha [NCIt concept]
- Nitric Oxide Synthase, Endothelial [NCIt concept]
- RAC-Alpha Serine/Threonine Kinase [NCIt concept]
- Short Transient Receptor Potential Channel 4 [NCIt concept]
- Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily V Member 4 [NCIt concept]
- cGMP-Dependent Protein Kinase 2 [NCIt concept]
pathway_has_gene_element
- AKT1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- BDKRB2 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- CAV1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- GNAS wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- GUCY1A1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- GUCY1A2 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- GUCY1B1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- GUCY1B2 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- HSP90AA1 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- NOS3 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- PRKG2 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- TRPC4 wt Allele [NCIt concept]
- TRPV4 wt Allele [NCIt concept]

Keyword's position in hierarchy(ies) :

You can consult :

recommendations
documents concerning education
documents for patients