Preferred Label : Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 Pathway;
NCIt related terms : Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 regulates heart function;
Alternative definition : BIOCARTA: Cardiovascular diseases are predicted to be the most common cause of death
worldwide by 2020. The major regulator of blood pressure homeostasis is the renin-angiotensin
system. Angiotensinogen is digested by renin to produce angiotensin I (AGT I). AGT
I is an inactive 10 amino-acid peptide that is further degraded to produce angiotensin
II by the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II is the master regulator
of blood pressure increase acting on the heart, kidneys and blood vessels. Angiotensin
II causes direct constriction of the resistance vessels and stimulation of the adrenal
thereby increasing blood volume and sodium absorption. In 2000, Tipnis et al. discovered
ACE 2 a second carboxypeptidase that digests angiotensin. ACE is a di-peptidase, cleaving
off 2 peptides from the c-terminal end of angiotensin. ACE 2 only cleaves 1 amino
acid to produce angiotensin 1-9 (AGT 1-9) which has no identified function at this
time. AGT 1-9 is not converted to angiotensin II but further degraded by ACE to AGT
1-7, a vasodilator. It would appear that ACE 2 inhibits the formation of angiotensin
and reduces blood pressure increases. Crackower et al determined that ace2 -/- mice
suffered significant heart defects at 6 months. Further deletion of ACE resulted in
restored cardiac functions. (This definition may be outdated - see the DesignNote.);
NCIt note : The BIOCARTA Definition (ALT_DEFINITION) for this pathway concept was provided by
BioCarta. This property was not created by, nor is it maintained by the NCI Thesaurus
staff. Additionally, BioCarta is no longer updating its pathway data; thus, the BIOCARTA
Definition might be outdated or inaccurate. Please see the Terms and Conditions for
Use at http://www.biocarta.com/.;
Biocarta ID : h_ace2Pathway;
Origin ID : C38969;
UMLS CUI : C1510889;
Semantic type(s)
- has_gene_product_element
- pathway_has_gene_element
