NCIt definition : Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (1194 aa, 132 kDa) is encoded by the human GRM1
gene. This protein plays a role in in G protein-coupled receptor signal transduction
and synaptic transmission.;
NCIt note : L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system
and activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamatergic
neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be
perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors
are a family of G protein-coupled receptors that have been divided into 3 groups on
the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic
properties. Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5 and these receptors have been shown to
activate phospholipase C. Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3 while Group III includes
GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8. Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition
of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities.;