Metformin Hydrochloride

Preferred Label : Metformin Hydrochloride;

NCIt synonyms : Metformin HCl; 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide Hydrochloride; N,N-Dimethylimidodicarbonimidic Diamide Monohydrochloride; Cidophage; APO-Metformin;

NCIt related terms : Glucophage;

NCIt definition : The hydrochloride salt of the biguanide metformin with antihyperglycemic and potential antineoplastic activities. Metformin inhibits complex I (NADPH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, thereby increasing the cellular AMP to ATP ratio and leading to activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and regulating AMPK-mediated transcription of target genes. This eventually prevents hepatic gluconeogenesis, enhances insulin sensitivity and fatty acid oxidation and ultimately leads to a decrease in glucose levels. Metformin may exert antineoplastic effects through AMPK-mediated or AMPK-independent inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is up-regulated in many cancer tissues. Furthermore, this agent also inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression which is mediated through the suppression of transcription activator protein-1 (AP-1) activation.;

Alternative definition : NCI-GLOSS: A drug used to treat diabetes mellitus (a condition in which the body cannot control the level of sugar in the blood). It is also being studied in the treatment of cancer. It decreases the amount of glucose (a type of sugar) released into the bloodstream from the liver and increases the body's use of the glucose. Glucophage is a type of antidiabetic agent.;

UNII : 786Z46389E;

InChIKey : OETHQSJEHLVLGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N;

CAS number : 1115-70-4;

Drug name : Glucophage; Glucoformin; Glifage; Glucophage ER; Dimefor; Siofor; Riomet;

Chemical formula : C4H11N5.HCl;

NSC code : 91485;

Codes from synonyms : CDR0000631045; CDR0000631046; 09726;

Details

Origin ID

C29251;

UMLS CUI

C0770893;

Currated CISMeF NLP mapping
- Metformin Hydrochloride [MeSH concept]
- Metformin hydrochloride [SMS substance]
- Metformin hydrochloride [Substance BNPC]
- Metformin hydrochloride (substance) [SNOMED CT concept]
See also inter- (CISMeF)
- Metformin hydrochloride product (product) [Inactive SNOMED CT concept]
Semantic type(s)
- Organic Chemical [UMLS semantic type]
- Pharmacologic Substance [UMLS semantic type]
Validated automatic mappings to NTBT
- metformin [MeSH Descriptor]
- metformin [Substance BNPC]
concept_is_in_subset
- CTRP Agent Terminology [NCIt concept]
- CTRP Terminology [NCIt concept]
- FDA Established Names and Unique Ingredient Identifier Codes Terminology [NCIt concept]
- GDC Terminology [NCIt concept]
- GDC Therapeutic Agent Terminology [NCIt concept]
- GDC Value Terminology [NCIt concept]
- NCI Drug Dictionary Terminology [NCIt concept]
- NCIt Antineoplastic Agent Terminology [NCIt concept]
- NCIt COVID-19 Agent Terminology [NCIt concept]
- NCIt COVID-19 Terminology [NCIt concept]
has_free_acid_or_base_form
- Metformin [NCIt concept]
has_target
- 5'-AMP-Activated Protein Kinase [NCIt concept]
- NADH Dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) [NCIt concept]
is_salt_form_of
- Metformin [NCIt concept]

Keyword's position in hierarchy(ies) :

Main resources

You can consult :

recommendations
documents concerning education
documents for patients