NCIt definition : A synthetic pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative with anti-inflammatory, analgesic,
and antipyretic activities. Ketorolac non-selective inhibits the enzymes cyclooxygenase
1 (COX-1) and COX-2. The inhibition of COX-2, up-regulated at sites of inflammation,
prevents conversion of arachidonic acid to pro-inflammatory prostaglandins. The inhibition
of COX-1 by this agent prevents the normal steady-state production of prostaglandins
that play housekeeping roles in the protection of the gastrointestinal tract, the
regulation of renal blood flow, and platelet aggregation. As a result, the inhibition
of COX-1 may be associated with gastrointestinal toxicity, nephrotoxicity, and the
inhibition of platelet aggregation.;