Dimethyl Fumarate

Preferred Label : Dimethyl Fumarate;

NCIt synonyms : Fumaric Acid, Dimethyl Ester; (E)-2-Butenedioic Acid, Dimethyl Ester; Dimethyl (E)-Butenedioate; DMF;

NCIt definition : An orally bioavailable methyl ester of fumaric acid and activator of nuclear factor erythroid 2 [NF-E2]-related factor 2 (Nrf2, Nfe2l2), with potential neuroprotective, immunomodulating and radiosensitizing activities. Although the exact mechanism of action through which dimethyl fumarate exerts its neuroprotective and immunomodulatory effects have yet to be fully understood, upon oral administration, dimethyl fumarate is converted into its active metabolite monomethyl fumarate (MMF) and MMF binds to Nrf2. Subsequently, Nrf2 translocates to the nucleus and binds to the antioxidant response element (ARE). This induces the expression of a number of cytoprotective genes, including NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), sulfiredoxin 1 (Srxn1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO1, HMOX1), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-GCS), thioredoxin reductase-1 (TXNRD1), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (Gclc) and glutamate-cysteine ligase regulatory subunit (Gclm); this also increases the synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH). The intraneuronal synthesis of GSH may protect neuronal cells from damage due to oxidative stress. Dimethyl fumarate also appears to inhibit the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB)-mediated pathway, modulates the production of certain cytokines and induces apoptosis in certain T-cell subsets. Its radiosensitizing activity is due to this agent's ability to bind to and sequester intracellular GSH, thereby depleting intracellular GSH and preventing its anti-oxidative effects. This enhances the cytotoxicity of ionizing radiation in hypoxic cancer cells. Nrf2, a leucine zipper transcription factor, plays a key role in redox homeostasis and cytoprotection against oxidative stress.;

UNII : FO2303MNI2;

InChIKey : LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ONEGZZNKSA-N;

CAS number : 624-49-7;

Drug name : Tecfidera;

Molecule name : BG-00012;

Chemical formula : C6H8O4;

Codes from synonyms : 08981;

Details

Origin ID

C63670;

UMLS CUI

C0058218;

Automatic exact mappings (from CISMeF team)
- dimethylformamide [MeSH Descriptor]
- phantom limb [MeSH Descriptor]
CISMeF manual mappings
- Dimethyl Fumarate [MeSH Descriptor]
Currated CISMeF NLP mapping
- Dimethyl fumarate [ICD-11 Extension code]
- Dimethyl fumarate [SMS substance]
- Dimethyl fumarate (substance) [SNOMED CT concept]
- dimethyl fumarate [International Nonproprietary Name]
- dimethyl fumarate [Substance BNPC]
- dimethyl fumarate [MeSH concept]
See also inter- (CISMeF)
- Product containing dimethyl fumarate (medicinal product) [SNOMED CT concept]
Semantic type(s)
- Immunologic Factor [UMLS semantic type]
- Organic Chemical [UMLS semantic type]
- Pharmacologic Substance [UMLS semantic type]
UMLS correspondences (same concept)
- Dimethyl Fumarate [MeSH Descriptor]
- Dimethyl fumarate (substance) [SNOMED CT concept]
- Product containing dimethyl fumarate (medicinal product) [SNOMED CT concept]
- dimethyl fumarate [Substance BNPC]
- dimethyl fumarate [International Nonproprietary Name]
- dimethyl fumarate [ATC Code]
- dimethyl fumarate [MeSH concept]
Validated automatic mappings to BTNT
- dimethyl fumarate [ATC Code]
concept_is_in_subset
- CTRP Agent Terminology [NCIt concept]
- CTRP Terminology [NCIt concept]
- FDA Established Names and Unique Ingredient Identifier Codes Terminology [NCIt concept]
- NCI Drug Dictionary Terminology [NCIt concept]
has_target
- Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 [NCIt concept]

Keyword's position in hierarchy(ies) :

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