NCIt definition : A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express
a killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)-based chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)
consisting of an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to the transmembrane
and cytoplasmic domains of the stimulatory KIR 2DS2 (KIR2DS2), and the immunoreceptor
tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-containing adaptor protein and costimulatory
chain DAP12, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration,
the autologous anti-CD19 KIR-CAR-transduced T-cells SynKIR-310 specifically target
and kill CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19, a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen,
is overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancies and in certain B-cell-driven autoimmune
diseases. KIR is normally expressed by natural killer (NK) cells, and KIR-based CAR
may decrease T-cell exhaustion and enhance T-cell persistence.;