Alternative titles and symbols : Toll, drosophila, homolog of; TOLL;
Description : In Drosophila, the Toll transmembrane receptor plays a central role in the signaling
pathways that control dorsal-ventral axis formation and the innate nonspecific immune
response. TLR4, the human homolog of Drosophila Toll, is a type I transmembrane protein
with an extracellular domain consisting of a leucine-rich repeat region and an intracellular
domain homologous to that of human interleukin-1 receptor (IL1R; 147810). Signaling
through TLR4 and Toll parallels the signaling pathway induced by IL1R in mammalian
cells in that both signal through the NF-kappa-B (see 164011) pathway (summary by
Medzhitov et al., 1997).;