NCIt definition : A cyclic organic compound possessing two nitrogen atoms in opposite positions within
a 6-member heterocyclic ring that serves as a backbone for piperazine derivatives
and acts as a gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) receptor agonist in nematodes, with
potential anti-helminthic activity. Upon administration, piperazine binds to the GABA
inhibitory receptors in susceptible nematodes, thereby inducing chloride channel opening
and hyperpolarization. This results in paralysis of the worm musculature and allows
normal peristalsis to dislodge the worm from the intestinal lumen, which causes the
worm to be expelled from the body. Unlike vertebrates where GABA is restricted to
the central nervous system (CNS), the GABA receptors in helminths are also expressed
in the peripheral nervous system.;