NCIt definition : A compound composed of the short chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate combined with the
amino acid arginine, with potential Epstein-Barr virus thymidine kinase gene (EBV-TK)-inducing
activity. Upon administration, arginine butyrate induces the expression of thymidine
kinase (TK). This activates a co-administered antiviral, such as ganciclovir, and
results in the destruction of EBV-infected cancer cells. In addition, butyrate inhibits
histone deacetylase (HDAC), which results in hyperacetylation of histones H3 and H4.
Acetylated histones have a reduced affinity for chromatin; this reduced histone-chromatin
affinity may allow chromosomal unfolding, potentially enhancing the expression of
genes related to tumor cell growth arrest and apoptosis.;
Alternative definition : NCI-GLOSS: A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer.;