NCIt definition : Exposure to DNA-damaging agents and subsequent energy expenditures by a cell to repair
DNA damage. Genotoxic stress elicits biochemical responses that either enhance cell
survival or lead to cell death. These biochemical responses include DNA-damage-inducible
repair and increasing expression of a variety of proteins by both transcriptional
and post-transcriptional mechanisms. Genotoxic stresses frequently activate signal
transduction pathways that originate in the cell membrane or cytoplasm, triggering
similar phosphorylation cascades to those induced by the activation of cell-surface
receptors.;