NCIt definition : A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) kappa monoclonal antibody that recognizes inducible
T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS; CD278), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic
activities. Upon administration, alomfilimab selectively binds to dimeric ICOS expressed
on certain T-cells. This prevents the interaction between ICOS-positive T-cells and
plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which express the ICOS ligand (ICOSL). Blocking
ICOS activation prevents the pDC-induced proliferation and accumulation of regulatory
ICOS-positive T-cells (ICOS Tregs) and inhibits interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion
by CD4 infiltrating T-cells. This may abrogate Treg-mediated immune suppression and
may enhance cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune responses against tumor cells.
Additionally, KY1044 may eliminate ICOS-positive T-cells via antibody-dependent cellular
cytotoxicity (ADCC). ICOS, a T-cell specific, CD28-superfamily costimulatory molecule
and immune checkpoint protein, plays a key role in the proliferation and activation
of T-cells. It is normally expressed on both activated CD4 T-cells, which is a subset
of memory T-cells (Tm), and follicular helper T-cells (Tfh). ICOS is highly expressed
on Tregs infiltrating various tumors and its expression is associated with a poor
prognosis; ICOS-positive Tregs play a key role in immune suppression and tumor immune
evasion.;
UNII : D2OPG50FF7;
CAS number : 2378692-24-9; a href https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/beta/browse-substance?search 2378692-24-9
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G-SRS /a ;
Semantic type(s)