Preferred Label : Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-expressing Interferon-beta and Tyrosinase Related
Protein 1;
NCIt synonyms : Recombinant VSV-IFNbetaTYRP1; VSV-IFN-b/TYRP1; VSV-IFNbetaTYRP1; Recombinant VSV-expressing IFN-b and TYRP1;
NCIt definition : A recombinant, replicating oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) carrying the
human interferon-beta (IFN-b) gene and the tyrosinase related protein 1 (TYRP1) gene,
with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral and
intravenous administration, recombinant VSV-expressing IFN-b/TYRP1 preferentially
replicates in tumor cells. Due to defective IFN-b-mediated innate antiviral host defense
mechanisms in tumor cells, VSV is able to replicate in these cells without interference.
This induces VSV-mediated cytolytic activity towards the tumor cells. By expressing
human IFN-b, an IFN-b-mediated antiviral immune response in surrounding normal cells
is activated which protects normal cells against virus replication and the associated
VSV-mediated cell lysis. Also, the IFN-b produced by VSV may activate an immune response
in surrounding normal cells, involving the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL),
dendritic cells (DCs) and natural killer (NK) cells. This induces an anti-tumor immune
response against the tumor cells. In addition, the expression of TYRP1 further activates
the immune system to induce a CTL-mediated immune response against the TYRP1-expressing
tumor cells, thereby further killing TYRP1-expressing tumor cells. VSV, a single-stranded
RNA virus belonging to the genus Vesiculovirus of the family Rhabdoviridae, is relatively
nonpathogenic to healthy humans but is able to rapidly replicate in and induce apoptosis
of tumor cells. TYRP1, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is primarily expressed in
melanocytes and melanomas.;
NCI Metathesaurus CUI : CL937337;
Origin ID : C157710;
UMLS CUI : C4763807;
Semantic type(s)
- Virus [UMLS semantic type]
- concept_is_in_subset
- has_target
