NCIt definition : An mRNA-based, personalized cancer vaccine consisting of a self-amplifying mRNA (SAM),
formulated in a lipid nanoparticle (LNP), targeting twenty tumor-specific neoantigens
(TSNAs) that have been identified through genetic sequencing of a patient's tumor
cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular
administration of sapecmeran autogene, the mRNA is taken up and translated by antigen
presenting cells (APCs). Then, the expressed epitopes are presented via major histocompatibility
complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of APCs. This leads to an induction of both
cytotoxic T-lymphocyte and memory T-cell dependent immune responses that specifically
target and destroy the patient's cancer cells that express these neoantigens. mRNA-based
TSNA boosting vaccine is administered after a single dose of the adenoviral tumor-specific
neoantigen priming vaccine GRT-C901. The combined immunotherapy product, consisting
of priming and boosting vaccines, is referred to as GRANITE-001.;