NCIt definition : A Fc-engineered bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory
checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and cytotoxic
T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint
inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, vudalimab targets and
binds to both PD-1 and CTLA4 expressed on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs)
and inhibits the PD-1- and CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and
proliferation. This restores immune function and activates a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte
(CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. Both PD-1 and CTLA4 are selectively
expressed on TILs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and negatively regulate the
activation and effector functions of T-cells. They play key roles in the downregulation
of the immune system and tumor evasion from host immunity. Dual checkpoint blockade
of PD1 and CTLA4 with XmAb20717 may enhance T cell activation and proliferation more
than the blockade of either immune checkpoint receptor alone. The engineered Fc domain
increases the stability and half-life of the antibody.;
Semantic type(s)