According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), recent decades have seen a major increase in the number of elderly people in Africa. Persistent infectious diseases are responsible for high morbidity and mortality in this immuno-senescent population, making vaccination an effective preventive measure. In developed countries, vaccination programs are in place and regularly updated. In sub-Saharan Africa, however, vaccination is still reserved for children, and access for seniors remains limited by a number of factors. The aim of this study was to use a systematic review to demonstrate the relevance of vaccination in this field, and to propose an appropriate vaccination schedule. Ultimately, vaccines against influenza, pneumococcus (23-valent), herpes zoster, diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus should be systematically recommended. Others may be discussed, depending on the fragility of the patient's condition.