Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in France and in other industrialized countries. AMD affects around 20 % of the population over the age of 80 years. This complex and multifactorial disease involves both genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. Smoking and nutrition are well-known modifiable risk factors for AMD. Numerous studies provide convincing arguments in favor of micronutrients to encourage dietary advice and the prescription of nutritional supplements containing antioxidant vitamins, lutein and omega-3 fatty acids. Attention to modifiable risk factors is of utmost importance to reduce progression to advanced AMD and associated medical and societal burdens.