The article reviews all published retrospective studies regarding pregnancy after termination of IUD use. It is estimated that 30% of women become pregnant within 1 month after IUD removal, 60% within 3 months, and 90% within the year. Ectopic pregnancy is not more common in IUD wearers than in other women, but it is more common in cases of acute salpingitis, which seems to multiply the risk of ectopic pregnancy. Risk of salpingitis or of pelviperitonitis is multiplied by 1.6 or by 9.3, according to different authors, in women weare of IUDs. However, risk is increased also by multiple sexual partners, by frequency of coitus, and by age below 25. The IUD is less well tolerated by nulliparous than by multiparous women.