Preferred Label : surangular bone;
Uberon definition : The surangular is a dermal bone of the lower jaw. It typically covers much of the
dorsal and lateral surface of the posterior jaw and variably extends onto the medial
(inside) surface. The surangular articulates with and supports the articular, which
forms the jaw joint with the quadrate in most vertebrates, and is in turn supported
by the angular. More distally, the surangular bridges the mandibular fenestra, if
one is present. It may also bear a raised dorsal coronoid process, an important attachment
site for the mandibular adductors. At its distal (or rostral) end, the surangular
meets the dentary, the main tooth-bearing bone of the lower jaw in most vertebrates.;
Uberon synonym : surangular;
Uberon related term : suprangular; suprangular bone; supraangular; supra-angular bone; supra-angular; supraangular bone;
Uberon Taxon note : In some lepospondyls, and in frogs and salamanders, the surangular is absent. However,
it becomes increasingly significant in the anthracosaur lineage. In turtles, it is
one of the two principle bones of the lower jaw. In lepidosaurs, it is less important
because of the development of a separate coronoid bone. In advanced lizards and pythonomorphs,
it may fuse with the articular and perhaps other bones and loses its separate identity.
In syanapsids, a secondary jaw joint develops between the surangular and the squamosal,
which becomes the unique mammalian jaw articulation. However, the surangular fuses
with the dentary and becomes the unitary mammalian 'mandible' without a separate identity;
Origin ID : 0011636;
connected to
- part of
The surangular is a dermal bone of the lower jaw. It typically covers much of the
dorsal and lateral surface of the posterior jaw and variably extends onto the medial
(inside) surface. The surangular articulates with and supports the articular, which
forms the jaw joint with the quadrate in most vertebrates, and is in turn supported
by the angular. More distally, the surangular bridges the mandibular fenestra, if
one is present. It may also bear a raised dorsal coronoid process, an important attachment
site for the mandibular adductors. At its distal (or rostral) end, the surangular
meets the dentary, the main tooth-bearing bone of the lower jaw in most vertebrates.
