Sulfonylurea Antidiabetic Agent

Preferred Label : Sulfonylurea Antidiabetic Agent;

NCIt synonyms : Sulphonylurea Antidiabetic Agent;

NCIt related terms : Sulfonylurea;

NCIt definition : Sulfonamide urea derivatives with antihyperglycemic activity. Sulphonylurea antidiabetic agents bind to sulfonylurea receptor type 1 (SUR1), the subunit of ATP-sensitive inwardly-rectifier potassium (IKATP) channels on the membranes of pancreatic beta cells, thereby blocking the inward current flow (influx) of positively charged K ions into the cell. This results in tonic membrane depolarization, and induces a calcium ion influx through voltage-sensitive calcium channels; increased intracellular calcium ion levels trigger exocytosis of insulin-containing granules. This eventually induces secretion of insulin. The IKATP channels found in pancreatic islets are complexes of four IKATP 6.2 and four SUR1 subunits. In addition, some sulfonylureas of larger molecular size may increase the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin mediated through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma).; Sulfonamide urea derivatives with antihyperglycemic activity. Sulphonylurea antidiabetic agents bind to sulfonylurea receptor type 1 (SUR1), the subunit of ATP-sensitive inwardly-rectifier potassium (IKATP) channels on the membranes of pancreatic beta cells, thereby blocking the inward current flow (influx) of positively charged K ions into the cell. This results in tonic membrane depolarization, and induces a calcium ion influx through voltage-sensitive calcium channels; increased intracellular calcium ion levels trigger exocytosis of insulin-containing granules. This eventually induces secretion of insulin. The IKATP channels found in pancreatic islets are complexes of four IKATP 6.2 and four SUR1 subunits. In addition, some sulfonylureas of larger molecular size may increase the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin mediated through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma).;

Origin ID

C97936;

UMLS CUI

C3273710;

Automatic exact mappings (from CISMeF team)
- Sulfonylurea [LOINC component]
- sulfonylureas [ATC Code]
CISMeF manual mappings
- hypoglycemic sulfamides [CISMeF Querying Strategy]
See also inter- (CISMeF)
- Hypoglycemics.sulfonyluric [LOINC component]
Semantic type(s)
- Pharmacologic Substance [UMLS semantic type]
UMLS correspondences (same concept)
- hypoglycemic sulfamides [CISMeF Querying Strategy]
Validated automatic mappings to NTBT
- Sulfonylurea (substance) [SNOMED CT concept]
concept_is_in_subset
- GDC Terminology [NCIt concept]
- GDC Value Terminology [NCIt concept]

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