Preferred Label : Encochleated Amphotericin B;
NCIt synonyms : Lipid-crystal Nano-particle Formulation of Amphotericin B; Cochleate Lipid-crystal Nano-particles-containing Amphotericin B; CAMB; Cochleate-Amphotericin B; Nano-cochleated-particles containing Amphotericin B; Oral Encochleated Amphotericin B; Lipid-crystal Nanoparticle-based Amphotericin B Formulation;
NCIt definition : A proprietary, orally bioavailable, nanoparticle-based encochleated formulation composed
of amphotericin B, a polyene antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus,
encochleated within lipid-based crystals, which are composed of multi-layered, rolled-up
sheets of soy-derived phosphatidylserine (PS) bilayers and calcium, with broad-spectrum
antifungal activity. Upon oral administration, the cochleate crystal structure protects
amphotericin B from degradation within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The lipid
structure facilitates uptake into the bloodstream where the nanoparticles are taken
up by macrophages and fungal cells though phagocytosis. Amphotericin B is released
from the cochleate due to the calcium differential between the inside of the cell,
which has low calcium levels, and the outside of the cell, which has high calcium
levels. This delivers amphotericin B directly to the fungal-infected site and to its
target cells. In turn, amphotericin B binds to ergosterol, an essential component
of the fungal cell membrane. This results in depolarization of the cell membrane,
alterations in cell membrane permeability, leakage of important intracellular components,
and cell rupture. This causes fungal cell death and prevents fungal infections. Compared
to amphotericin B alone, which can only be administered intravenously (IV), this formulation
permits oral administration and reduces treatment-limiting side effects that are seen
with IV amphotericin B, particularly nephro- and hepato-toxicity.;
Molecule name : MAT2203;
NCI Metathesaurus CUI : CL552502;
Origin ID : C150700;
UMLS CUI : C4725934;
Semantic type(s)
- concept_is_in_subset
