NCIt definition : Internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is a translational cis-acting element that directs
ribosomes to the start codon by a cap-independent mechanism. IRESs are usually about
450 nucleotides in length and were first identified in picornavirus RNAs. IRESs can
fold into a stable secondary hairpin structure to be incompatible with efficient translation
by ribosomal scanning. (NCI);