Preferred Label : Gallium Maltolate;
NCIt synonyms : GaM; Tris(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyran-4-onato)gallium(III);
NCIt definition : An orally bioavailable form of the element gallium (Ga) composed of a trivalent gallium
cation (Ga3 ) coordinated to three maltolate ligands, with anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative,
antineoplastic, analgesic, antiresorptive and antibacterial activities. Upon administration
of gallium maltolate, Ga3 , which is structurally similar to the ferric ion (Fe3 ),
competes with and replaces Fe3 in many vital Fe 3 -mediated biological reactions..
Unlike Fe3 , Ga3 cannot be reduced, cannot participate in redox reactions and cannot
mimic Fe3 functions. In rapidly proliferating cells, such as cancer cells, high amounts
of iron are needed for DNA synthesis. The incorporation of Ga3 inactivates the Fe3
-dependent enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (RR), an enzyme essential for DNA synthesis,
leading to an inhibition of DNA synthesis and induction of cell death in rapidly proliferating
cells. Gallium similarly reduces bacterial cell growth. In addition, Ga3 is able
to suppress inflammation through the down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cells and
the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Gallium also exerts analgesic
effects due to the inhibition of Fe3 -dependent enzymes involved in inflammation and
may interfere with the activity of certain metalloproteinases and neuropeptides that
are implicated in pain. Also, gallium is able to inhibit bone resorption by osteoclasts,
may inhibit metastasis to bone and may prevent the destruction of bone by tumors.;
UNII : 17LEI49C2G;
InChIKey : ASYYOZSDALANRF-UHFFFAOYSA-K;
CAS number : 108560-70-9;
Origin ID : C133020;
UMLS CUI : C1328202;
Automatic exact mappings (from CISMeF team)
- Currated CISMeF NLP mapping
- Semantic type(s)
- UMLS correspondences (same concept)
- chemical_or_drug_has_mechanism_of_action
- chemical_or_drug_has_physiologic_effect
- concept_is_in_subset
