Preferred Label : Efavirenz, poor metabolism of;
Type : Phenotype, molecular basis known;
Included titles and symbols : Efavirenz central nervous system toxicity, susceptibility to;
Description : Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has reduced mortality associated with
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS; see 609423) by at least 70%. Efavirenz is
a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor that is frequently prescribed with
2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors as initial therapy for human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) infection. However, during the first weeks of therapy, up to half of patients
who receive efavirenz experience CNS side effects, including dizziness, insomnia,
impaired concentration, somnolence, and abnormal dreams. Severe depression, aggressive
behavior, and paranoid or manic reactions may also occur, and such side effects may
reflect varying efavirenz plasma concentrations. Plasma clearance of efavirenz appears
slower in African Americans than in European Americans, and studies have suggested
earlier virologic failure on efavirenz for both African Americans and Hispanics compared
with European Americans. Efavirenz is metabolized primarily by hepatic CYP2B6, with
some involvement of CYP3A (CYP3A4; 124010) (summary by Haas et al., 2004).;
Prefixed ID : #614546;
Origin ID : 614546;
UMLS CUI : C3281153;
Currated CISMeF NLP mapping
- Genes related to phenotype
- ORDO concept(s)
- Semantic type(s)
- UMLS correspondences (same concept)
- Validated automatic mappings to BTNT
