Preferred Label : Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase deficiency;
Symbol : DLDD;
CISMeF acronym : DLDD;
Type : Phenotype, molecular basis known;
Alternative titles and symbols : E3 deficiency; Lipoamide dehydrogenase deficiency, lactic acidosis due to; Dld deficiency; Maple syrup urine disease, type III; MSUD3;
Description : DLD deficiency is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder characterized biochemically
by a combined deficiency of the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex
(BCKDC), pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC), and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
complex (KGDC). This is the result of E3 being a common component of all 3 mitochondrial
multienzyme complexes. Clinically, affected individuals have lactic acidosis and neurologic
deterioration due to sensitivity of the central nervous system to defects in oxidative
metabolism. E3 deficiency is often associated with increased urinary excretion of
alpha-keto acids, such as pyruvate (summary by Hong et al., 1996). E3 deficiency can
also be associated with increased concentrations of branched-chain amino acids, as
observed in maple syrup urine disease (MSUD; 248600), and is sometimes referred to
as 'MSUD type III,' although patients with E3 deficiency have additional biochemical
defects (Chuang and Shih, 2001; Robinson, 2001).;
Inheritance : Autosomal recessive;
Molecular basis : Caused by mutation in the dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase gene (DLD, 238331.0001);
Laboratory abnormalities : Elevated pyruvate (in most patients); Hypoglycemia; Abnormal liver enzymes (in some patients); Elevated branched-chain amino acids (in most patients); Decreased activities of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, the alpha-ketoglutarate
dehydrogenase complex, and the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex; Elevated alpha-ketoglutarate (in most patients);
Prefixed ID : #246900;
Origin ID : 246900;
UMLS CUI : C5574660;
Automatic exact mappings (from CISMeF team)
Currated CISMeF NLP mapping
DO Cross reference
Genes related to phenotype
HPO term(s)
ORDO concept(s)
Semantic type(s)
UMLS correspondences (same concept)