Type : Phenotype or locus, molecular basis unknown;
Alternative titles and symbols : VUR;
Description : Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is characterized by the reflux of urine from the bladder
into the ureters and sometimes into the kidneys. It is a risk factor for urinary tract
infections. Primary VUR results from a developmental defect of the ureterovesical
junction (UVJ). In combination with intrarenal reflux, the resulting inflammatory
reaction may result in renal injury or scarring, also called reflux nephropathy (RN).
Extensive renal scarring impairs renal function and may predispose patients to hypertension,
proteinuria, and renal insufficiency (summary by Lu et al., 2007). - Genetic Heterogeneity
of Vesicoureteral Reflux A locus designated VUR1 maps to chromosome 1p13. VUR2 (610878)
is caused by mutation in the ROBO2 gene (602431) on chromosome 3p12.3; VUR3 (613674)
is caused by mutation in the SOX17 gene (610928) on chromosome 8q11.23; VUR4 (614317)
maps to chromosome 5; VUR5 (614318) maps to chromosome 13; VUR6 (614319) maps to chromosome
18; and VUR7 (615390) maps to chromosome 12. A possible X-linked form has been reported
(VURX; 314550).;