ICD-11 definition : Budd-Chiari syndrome is caused by obstruction of hepatic venous outflow involving
either the hepatic veins or the terminal segment of the inferior vena cava and leading
to hepatic congestion and ischemic necrosis. Severity depends on the speed of onset
and extent of the obstruction. Obstructions are generally caused by thrombosis in
primary BCS, while secondary BCS results from tumour invasion into the lumen or compression
of the vein by an expansive lesion. The principle manifestations of BCS are ascites
leading to undernutrition and renal insufficiency, gastrointestinal haemorrhage due
to portal hypertension, and hepatic insufficiency resulting in encephalopathy and
severe infections. Asymptomatic forms have also been reported.;
Budd-Chiari syndrome is caused by obstruction of hepatic venous outflow involving
either the hepatic veins or the terminal segment of the inferior vena cava and leading
to hepatic congestion and ischemic necrosis. Severity depends on the speed of onset
and extent of the obstruction. Obstructions are generally caused by thrombosis in
primary BCS, while secondary BCS results from tumour invasion into the lumen or compression
of the vein by an expansive lesion. The principle manifestations of BCS are ascites
leading to undernutrition and renal insufficiency, gastrointestinal haemorrhage due
to portal hypertension, and hepatic insufficiency resulting in encephalopathy and
severe infections. Asymptomatic forms have also been reported.